Video: BPH vs. Prostatitis - What's the Difference?

Transcription

Hi, I’m Dr. Scholz.

A common question we get at the PCRI is “What’s the difference between BPH and prostatitis?”

BPH stands for “benign prostatic hypertrophy.” What it essentially means is the prostate is getting bigger—enlargement of the gland.

“Prostatitis” signals inflammation of the prostate. “-itis” means inflammation. So you have “pneumonitis” that would be inflammation of the lung; “colitis” inflammation of the colon; “prostatitis” inflammation of the prostate.

So essentially, prostatitis is inflammation of the prostate. BPH is enlargement of the prostate.

So what are the implications of these conditions?

Well both forms prostatitis and BPH can occur either in a symptomatic form (that means they’re causing some sort of a problem) or an asymptomatic form—in other words they’re present but they’re not causing any pain or discomfort. In the prostate world when we’re talking about asymptomatic prostatitis or asymptomatic BPH we’re really talking about an issue with rising PSA levels. PSA is used to try and detect prostate cancer, and when prostatitis or BPH is present the PSA levels may rise and create some sort of a concern that prostate cancer is lurking in the background. So BPH and prostatitis can confuse the situation.

Can prostatitis and BPH occur together? Absolutely, yes. In fact there are some suspicions that BPH is a result of prostatitis. That’s not confirmed and it’s interesting that after all these years the true cause of prostatitis and the true cause of BPH is not entirely clear.

We do know that some forms of prostatitis—particularly symptomatic prostatitis, that’s where men get frequent urination, pain, or maybe even a fever—often will be coming from a bacterial infection and it will respond and it will respond generally to an antibiotic such as cipro or levaquin. Those forms of symptomatic prostatitis are relatively uncommon. Most men may have some vague symptoms or no symptoms at all, and the primary issue is trying to sort out what a high PSA is coming from.

What about symptomatic BPH (enlargement of the prostate)? Big prostates seem to be blamed for everything bad that happens to urinary function. A lot of these issues are related to the bladder. As you know, women can have problems with urination and they don’t have any prostate at all. But big prostates can cause urinary flow to occur at a very slow rate; big prostates can cause blockage of urinary flow.

So there are a variety of different treatments implemented on a selective basis depending on how serious the situation is using pills or various other interventions. The common pills—just for your information—are Flomax, Rapaflo, Proscar, Dutasteride, and then there’s a lot of herbal products like saw palmetto for example. So the interventions that are used transurethral resections (in the old days called roto-rooter jobs) with laser or knives. They also have new interventions with steam called Rezume, and a way to pin the prostate open with the methodology called Urolift.

So in summary, prostatitis and BPH are both afflictions of the prostate some of them are symptomatic, some are totally asymptomatic. Interventions recommended are selected on the basis of the underlying cause. An accurate diagnosis has to be made to distinguish between prostatitis and BPH. Treatment is generally very effective.

So in summary, prostatitis is inflammation of the gland. BPH is enlargement of the prostate. They are two distinct processes, but there may be a relation as some experts suspect that inflammation is causing the enlargement. As of yet that hasn’t been proven and the exact etiology of these conditions is still not clearly known.